Cotton – cropping system, Bt agronomy, HDPS cotton, Waterlogging and  Drought management

1.Water logging Management:

Drainage practice by adopting ridges and furrows land configuration followed by foliar application of Salicylic acid @69 g dissolved in 300 ml of ethyl alcohol and then add into 100 litre of water for spraying of one acre  three days after drainage  followed by  2 kg of KNO 3 dissolved in 100 litre of water six days  after drainage of waterlogging is effective

2.Package for HDPS

 Package for HDPS was developed for south zone includes inclined plate planter identified for mechanical sowing,post emergence weed control b using quizalofop ethyl 50 g/ha and pyrithiobac sodium 75 g/ha at 30 days after sowing and nutrient level (125% RDN) and land configuration(ridges and furrows) for sowing

3.Paper tube Nursery technique  – Cotton Transplanting

Paper tube with size of 1  cm diameter and height of 20 cm were filled (top 1 cm left unfilled  to supply water ) with equal portion of vermi compost, sand and soil and packed gently. Compactness of packing should be ensured in every tubes for proper germination. Healthy single seed was dibbled in each tube and water was  applied  from the top. Tubes were kept in iron  tray filled with moist sand (moisture is maintained by sprinkling water)  at bottom and covered with  wire mesh facilitate to keep paper tubes in upwards. Seedling at the age of  20 days were transplanted in hole  made by  crow bar and pressed gently to avoid air pockets and irrigated immediately

1. Enhancing Nitrogen use efficiency

Enhancing the NUE in Bt cotton:Application of 75% recommended nitrogen in four equal splits as basal,squaring,flowering and bolls development stages followed by foliar spray of 1% urea at squaring,flowering and boll development stages will increase the Bt cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency

2.Weed Management 

Weed management in cotton-Tank mixture(Quizalofopethyl@ 150 g a.i/ha+Pyrithiobac sodium@62.5 a.i/ha) at 2-4 weed leaf stage followed by one hoeing is effective weed management in cotton

3.Yield Maximization

In situ bio mulching of sun hemp at 35 DAS in cotton rows along with recommended  dose of  nutrients  under drip irrigation on broad bed  furrow  is recommended for improving seed cotton yield,  water use efficiency,water productivity and monetary returns of Bt cotton.

4.Multi tier  inter cropping:

• Intercrops combination of paired row planting of Bt cotton  (60-120-60 cm) with  two rows of green gram (between pair) under rainfed condition was the Technology Approved for Crop Production Guide/Package of Practices during 2023-24 at Akola.
• Paired row of Bt cotton with one row of Arhar one row of Black gram  between pair  found promising at   Bhawanipatna
• Paired row of Bt Cotton  with two rows of  redgram  beteen pair found promising at LAM, Guntur. 

5.Organic Nutrient Management: 

Seed treatment with Azotobacter and PSB @25 g/kg + FYM@ 5t/ha + Castor cake@ 2.5 t/ha + green manuring with Sunhemp @ 25 kg/ha was the technology approved at Bhawanipatna for  nutrient  management in organic cotton

TRAINING  CONDUCTED

1. Acted as Co-Convener for a training program for students from Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Coimbatore from 27th to 31st March 2023.
2. Organized Farmers Training on 17th August 2023 in collaboration with ICAR-CICR officials, KVK officials, and representatives from Rasi Seeds (P) Ltd.
3. Conducted Farmers Training on 24th August 2023 focusing on the objectives of NFSM Special Project on cotton, ELS Cotton packages of practices including genotypes, canopy management, plant geometry, and pest and disease management.
4. Organized Farmers Training on 11th September 2023, covering NFSM cotton project objectives and ELS Cotton practices including canopy management, plant geometry, and pest management.
5. Organized sensitization workshop on High-Density Planting System (HDPS) and ELS cotton cultivation on 27th January 2025 at ICAR-CICR, Coimbatore under NFSM Special Project in collaboration with ICAR-MYRADA KVK Erode.
6. Conducted “One-day Training cum Technology Demonstration” at ICAR-CICR, RS Coimbatore with input distribution under AICRP Cotton–SCSP funds on 13th February 2025.
7. Organized sensitization workshop under NFSM Special Project on 18th July 2024 at Kuppuchipalayam village, Veerapandi (PO), Coimbatore, jointly with ICAR-CICR and SAKVK, Coimbatore.

INVITED LECTURES

1. Sankaranarayanan, K. (2022). Delivered lead lecture entitled “Status and Strategies for Cotton Production in Tamil Nadu”  at the National Symposium on “100 Glorious Years of Cotton Research and Way Forward” held on 18–19 October 2022, organized by Department of Cotton, TNAU, Coimbatore.

2. Sankaranarayanan, K., Nalayini, P., Annie Sheeba, J., Amutha, M., Valarmathi, P., & Arun Balaji, G. (2024). Presented on “Effect of Waterlogging on Cotton and Strategies for Mitigation of Yield Losses” at the International Conference on “Innovative Technologies for Research and Development for Sustainable Production of Cotton, Oilseeds and Fibre Crops” (Compendium of Lead and Invited Papers, pp. 21–31). CRDA, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. ISBN: 978-81-946148-7-6..

RESEARCH ARTICLE

1. Sankaranarayanan, K., Manivannan, A., & Prakash, A. H. (2021). An approach for developing compactness measurement indices in cotton (Gossypium spp.). The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 91(3), 490–492. NAAS Rating: 6.40.
2. Sankaranarayanan, K., Prakash, A. H., Manivannan, A., & Sabesh, M. (2021). Assessing production potential and quality parameters of ELS cotton (Gossypium barbadense) genotypes. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 91(6), 876–879. NAAS Rating: 6.40.
3. Sankaranarayanan, K., Venugopalan, M. V., & Kanjana, D. (2021). Assessment of production potential of long-linted Gossypium arboreum L. genotypes under different sowing times. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 45(1), 106.
4. Sabesh, M., Venugopalan, M. V., Sankaranarayanan, K., & Prakash, A. H. (2025). Stability analysis of G. arboreum cotton yield under different agronomical practices. Journal of Cotton Research and Development, 39(2), 103–112 NAAS Rating: 4.7..
5. Kaur, T., Mandhania, S., Singh, V., Datten, R., Banakar, P., Malik, K., Sankaranarayanan, K., et al. (2024). Differential biochemical and physiological responses to cotton leaf curl virus infection in contrasting cotton genotypes. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 46(4), 46. NAAS Rating: 8.60.
6. Lakshmi Kalyani, D., & Sankaranarayanan, K. (2023). Efficacy of neem coated urea through nitrogen use efficiency methods in Bt cotton under rainfed vertisols. Pollution Research, 42, 173–179. NAAS Rating: 5.1.
7. Divya, K., Kaleeswari, R. K., Jeyanthi, D., Amirtham, D., & Sankaranarayanan, K. (2022). Evolution of liquid multinutrient fertilizer for hybrid cotton. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 34(20), 666–671. NAAS Rating: 5.07.
8. Singh, V., Mandhania, S., Pal, A., Kaur, T., Banakar, P., Sankaranarayanan, K., & Datten, R. (2022). Morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes upon sucking insect-pest infestations. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 28(11), 2023–2039. NAAS Rating: 9.50.
9. Veeraputhiran, R., & Sankaranarayanan, K. (2022). Weed smothering efficiency and cotton equivalent productivity of Bt cotton-based intercropping systems. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 53(4), 436–439.
10. Veeraputhiran, R., & Sankaranarayanan, K. (2022b). Productivity, nutrient uptake and water use efficiency of irrigated Bt cotton-based intercropping system. Journal of Cotton Research and Development, 36(2), 202–207. NAAS Rating: 4.7.

1. Amarpreet Singh, Sankaranarayanan, K., Rishi Kumar, S. K. Jain, Sanjeev Kumar, Subhash Chandra & S. K. Verma (2025). Management of fruiting structures shedding in hybrid Bt cotton. Extended Summary published in 6th International Agronomy Congress, held during November 24–26, 2025, pp. 187–188.
2. Ganga Devi, Y. G. Prasad, M. Yugandhar Kumar, Shaik N. Meera, A. R. Reddy & Sankaranarayanan, K. (2024). Innovative closer spacing method boosts cotton productivity: S. Sasidhar Reddy’s success in Guntur. In International Conference on Innovative Technologies for Research and Development for Sustainable Production of Cotton, Oilseeds and Fibre Crops (Book of Oral Presentations, pp. 69–70). Cotton Research and Development Association (CRDA), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. ISBN: 978-81-946148-4-5.
3. Sankaranarayanan, K., Annie Sheeba, J., Amutha, M., & Valarmathi, P. (2024). Effect of waterlogging at different periods of crop growth on seed cotton yield of cotton species. In International Conference on Innovative Technologies for Research and Development for Sustainable Production of Cotton, Oilseeds and Fibre Crops (Book of Oral Presentations, pp. 74–76). CRDA, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. ISBN: 978-81-946148-4-5.
4. Sankaranarayanan, K., Prasad, Y. G., Arun Balaji, G., Lakshmi Kalyani, D., Pandagale, A. D., & Brar, H. S. (2024). Trend analysis of time series precipitation data and its genesis effect on cotton in India. In Book of Abstracts, World Cotton Research Conference-8, p. 35. ISBN: 979-8-218-56133-8.
5. Singh, A., Duraisamy, K., Sankaranarayanan, K., Rishi, K., Satish Kumar, S., Debashis, P., Subhash, C., & Verma, S. K. (2024). Integrated nutrient management improves the productivity of cotton–wheat cropping system in North India. In Book of Abstracts, World Cotton Research Conference-8, p. 14. ISBN: 979-8-218-56133-8.
6. Amarpreet Singh, Kanjana Duraisamy, Sankaranarayanan, K., Kumar Rishi, Sain Satish Kumar, Paul Debashis, Chandra Subhash & Verma Surender Kumar (2024). Integrated Nutrient Management Improves the Productivity of Cotton–Wheat Cropping System in North India. In Book of Abstracts, World Cotton Research Conference-8, p. 14. ISBN: 979-8-218-56133-8.
7. Arun Balaji, G., Geethalakshmi, G. V., Prahadeeswaran, M., & Sankaranarayanan, K. (2024). Circular Economy (CE) – A redefining production system approach. In Book of Abstracts: International Conference on Agrovoltaics and Sustainability in Farming, p. 116. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. ISBN: 978-81-971688-5-7.
8. Sankaranarayanan, K., Annie Sheeba, J., Amutha, M., & Valarmathi, P. (2024). Influence of waterlogging at different phenophases on yield of major cultivated species of cotton. In International Conference on Innovative Technologies for Research and Development for Sustainable Production of Cotton, Oilseeds and Fibre Crops (Book of Abstract and Souvenir, p. 63). CRDA, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. ISBN: 978-81-946148-4-9.
9. Sankaranarayanan, K. & Prakash, A. H. (2023). Effect of defoliant application on boll maturity, seed cotton yield and quality of cotton. Abstract published in 9th Asian Cotton Research & Development Network (ACRDN) Meeting & International Conference, held during December 06–08, 2023; organized by ICAC (USA), CIRCOT (Mumbai), and CICR (Nagpur).

1. Sankaranarayanan, K., Sheeba, J. A., Valarmathi, P., Amutha, M., Arun Balaji, G., Anisha, V., & Suganya, K. (2025). Effect of depth of sowing and waterlogging conditions on cotton seed germination. Cotton Innovations Newsletter (September 2025), International Cotton Researchers Association, pp. 1–9. ISSN: 2788-6611.
2. M. V. Venugopalan, Y. G. Prasad, S. Usharani, Sankaranarayanan, K., A. Sampathkumar, M. Sabesh, A. H. Prakash, D. N. Sujitha, M. Sathish Kumar, G. Suresh, R. Karthika, G. Suganya & G. Arun Balaji (2024). High-Density Planting System – Question and Answer in Tamil. ICAR–Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur. ISBN: 978-93-341-1829-2.
3. Sankaranarayanan, K., P. Nalayini & G. Arun Balaji (2024). High-Density Planting System in Cotton. In Compendium of Radio Talk on Cotton Production Technologies in Tamil, ICAR–Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, pp. 51–59. ISBN: 978-93-341-01515.
4. Kumaravadivelu, P., Sankaranarayanan, K., Isabella Agarwall, S. Sureshkumar, G. Arun Balaji, S. Sindhuja & S. Duraisamy (2024). Plant architecture management in cotton. ICAR–Sri Avinashilingam Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
5. Alagesan, P., Sankaranarayanan, K., P. Nalayini, R. D. Srinivasan, S. Saravanakumar, G. Arun Balaji, R. Thangadurai & R. G. Ram Prabha (2024). Technology on High Density Planting System. ICAR–Krishi Vigyan Kendra, MYRADA, Erode, Tamil Nadu.
6. Alagesan, P., Sankaranarayanan, K., P. Nalayini, R. D. Srinivasan, S. Saravanakumar, G. Arun Balaji, R. Thangadurai & R. G. Ram Prabha (2024). Integrated Disease Management in Cotton. ICAR–Krishi Vigyan Kendra, MYRADA, Erode, Tamil Nadu.
7. Gangadevi, M., M. Yugandhar, Y. G. Prasad, Sankaranarayanan, K., Shaik N. Meera & A. R. Reddy (2024). Harvest and handling techniques in cotton. Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Guntur.
8. Sankaranarayanan, K. & A. H. Prakash (2021). Paper tube nursery and cotton transplanting. Extension Folder.
9. Sankaranarayanan, K. (2021). Multi-tier cropping system and ragi rotation (off-season). Extension Folder.

1. Y. G. Prasad, A. S. Tayade, M. V. Venugopalan, Sankaranarayanan, K., B. S. Patil, A. L. Waghmare & Rabindra Prasad (2024). Success Stories of Special Project on Cotton Targeting Technologies to Agro-Ecological Zones – Large Scale Demonstrations of Best Practices to Enhance Cotton Productivity. Technical Bulletin No. DCD/1, pp. 1–112.
2. Venugopalan, M. V., Y. G. Prasad, S. Usharani, Sankaranarayanan, K., A. Sampathkumar, M. Sabesh, A. H. Prakash, D. N. Sujitha, M. Sathish Kumar, G. Suresh, R. Karthika, G. Suganya & G. Arun Balaji (2024). High-Density Planting System – Question and Answer in Tamil. ICAR–Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur. ISBN: 978-93-341-1829-2.
3. Sankaranarayanan, K., Nalayini, P., Raja, R., Manickam, S., Manivannan, A., Prakash, A. H., & Prasad, Y. G. (2023). Package of Practices for ELS Cotton (English). CICR Bulletin No. 003.
4. Sankaranarayanan, K., Nalayini, P., Raja, R., Manickam, S., Manivannan, A., Prakash, A. H., & Prasad, Y. G. (2023). Package of Practices for ELS Cotton (Tamil). CICR Bulletin No. 003.
5. Prasad, Y. G., Venugopalan, M. V., Ramkrushna, G. I., Pande, R., Nagarale, D. T., Sankaranarayanan, K., Suganya, K., Karthika, R., & G. Arun Balaji (2023). High Density Planting System for Cotton (Tamil). CICR Technical Bulletin 2023/2.

• Life member of Indian Society of Agronomy, IARI, New Delhi, 
• Life member of Indian Society of cotton improvement, Mumbai
• Life member of Cotton research and Development Association, CCSHAU, Hisar
• re.
• Life member  in  Green Reap Welfare Society Adilabad, Telangana pecial invitee of the council of administration of SIMA-CDRA, Coimbatore
• Advisory committee  member  for CCI, Coimbatore

• Member of technical committee of SIMA CDRA-Coimbato
• Member  in  the Society of Agricultural Professional, CSAUAT,  Khanpur

• Targeting technologies to agro-ecological zones- large scale demonstrations of best practices to enhance cotton productivity(2024-2026)- Co Principa; Investigator
• Team Leader: MGMG  programme ICAR- CICR, REGIONAL STATION, COIMBATORE, TAMIL NADU
• Acted as Nodal officer , ICAR-CICR Coimbatore,   Viksit Kisan Sankalp Abhiyam: Pre-Kharif  2025, from May 29, 2025, to June 12, 2025 

I certify that the above information  is correct to the best of my knowledge.